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For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding.Wikipedia gives this description of supermassive black holes to distinguish then from stellar black holes:The quote is talking about the AVERAGE density, which is simply the mass of the black hole divided by the volume, as determined by the Schwarzschild radius. It's just very hard for me to understand how the gravitational/tidal forces can be so minimal at the event horizon and yet still retard the escape of light. There are two basic parts to a black hole: the singularity and the event horizon. The event horizon, used in calculating volume, is a mathematical surface. i see you're using "gravitational force" and "tidal force" interchangeably, and that is the basis of your confusion. The white dots represent stars that are smaller than 10 solar mass and were formed by the fragmentation of the gas cloud. The black dots near the center of the figure represent massive stars, which are thought to evolve into a black hole in time. It doesn't describe the gravitational field, for that treats the mass as being concentrated at the central point, and it's not even clear that "volume" has much meaning for an event horizon (the physically relevant parameter is usually surface area, and one cannot assume that connects to volume in the usual way in such a highly curved spacetime).
Can someone please explain this. A supermassive black hole (SMBH or sometimes SBH) is the largest type of black hole, containing a mass of the order of millions to billions of times the mass of the Sun (M ☉).Black holes are a class of astronomical object that have undergone gravitational collapse, leaving behind spheroidal regions of space from which nothing can escape, not even light. A black hole contains about 3.7M (3.7 million) solar masses (a solar mass is 1.98892 × 10 33 grams) and is assumed to be a sphere with a Schwarzschild radius of 3x10 5 cm x (M / M sun) where M is the mass of the black hole and M sun is the mass of the Sun. It is 8.2 ± 0.4 kiloparsecs away from Earth in the direction of the constellations Sagittarius, Ophiuchus, and Scorpius where the Milky Way appears brightest. It does not address the question of how the mass inside the black hole is distributed. It's actually the ratio M/R, not M by itself or M/RThe density of the black hole is either zero or infinity at every point in the region they're talking about. So what if the average mass density inside the event horizon of a super massive black hole is about the same as water? Another model hypothesizes that before the first stars, large gas clouds could collapse into a "Another model involves a dense stellar cluster undergoing core-collapse as the negative heat capacity of the system drives the Independently of the specific formation channel for the black hole seed, given sufficient mass nearby, it could accrete to become an The difficulty in forming a supermassive black hole resides in the need for enough matter to be in a small enough volume. Astrophysicists agree that black holes can grow by One hypothesis is that the seeds are black holes of tens or perhaps hundreds of solar masses that are left behind by the explosions of massive stars and grow by accretion of matter. A typical supermassive black hole in a decent galaxy would be about (10^ 8) M ⊙ (100 million times the mass of the sun). These 28 supermassive black holes were previously categorized differently—either as slowly growing black holes with low density or nonexistent cocoons, or as distant galaxies. And indeed I think you have a legitimate objection, because it's not clear that "average density" means much of anything for a black hole. You may write directly to me if you wish at I think the distance that the gravitational pull of the black hole, to the point where light has enough velocity to escape is not really a good measure of the size or density of the black hole. I'm not sure if it would help, but it would be useful to know the density distribution within these supermassive black holes. The quasar On March 28, 2011, a supermassive black hole was seen tearing a mid-size star apart.In 2012, astronomers reported an unusually large mass of approximately 17 billion In September 2014, data from different X-ray telescopes has shown that the extremely small, dense, Some galaxies, however, lack any supermassive black holes in their centers. Snapshots of the simulations showing the density distribution of black hole-producing gas clouds. So they average zero and infinity and get some finite value.
It describes points where escape velocity exceeded the speed of light.This is meaningless. With such st… I think the distance that the gravitational pull of the black hole, to the point where light has enough velocity to escape is not really a good measure of the size or density of the black hole. JavaScript is disabled. Black holes that spawn from dying stars have masses 5–80 There is, however, an upper limit to how large supermassive black holes can grow. One thing about the event horizon: once matter is inside it, that matter will fall to the center. The obvious interpretation of black hole density is the mass of the black hole divided by the volume inside the event horizon.
while gravity is most definitely a force, a "tidal force" is not an actual force...rather it is the gravitational force gradient that is measured over a distance.
Although most galaxies with no supermassive black holes are very small, dwarf galaxies, one discovery remains mysterious: The supergiant elliptical cD galaxy In December 2017, astronomers reported the detection of the most distant quasar currently known, "Since we have assumed a maximum scale of gravitational binding – for instance, superclusters of galaxies – black hole formation eventually comes to an end in our model, with masses of up to 10Largest type of black hole; usually found at the centers of galaxiesArtist's impression of the huge outflow ejected from the quasar Artist's illustration of galaxy with jets from a supermassive black hole.Supermassive black hole and smaller black hole in galaxy Comparisons of large and small black holes in galaxy OJ 287 to the
We need to be a bit cautious about taking this too literally because the volume inside the horizon is not coordinate independant so different observers will measure different densities. The event horizon is the "point of no return" around the black hole. In lay terms, how can a body that has an average mass or possibly a surface density of 1, have a strong enough gravitational field to have an event horizon where the escape velocity is >c?
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